Vanuatu Transport and Climate Profile 2026
Outline
VANUATU
TRANSPORT AND CLIMATE PROFILE
Supported by:
Transport and Climate Change
Transport Energy Consumption
Adaptation and Resilience
Other Externalities
Vehicle Fleet
Urban Transport
Transport Investments
Transport and Climate Policy Documents
Distribution of Transport and Climate Policy Measures in Policy Documents
National Policy Priorities on Transport
Direct GHG Targets
These tables contains transport-relevant (e.g. economy-wide; sector-specific) GHG emissions targets as explicitly mentioned in the policy documents.
Economy-wide GHG emissions mandates
| Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) - VUT | 2015 | 100% below BAU emissions for electricity sub-sector and 30% for energy sector as a whole. | 2030 |
Net zero, carbon neutrality
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 | 2050 |
Indirect Transport Climate Change Targets
These tables show non-GHG targets as specified in the policy documents which indirectly benefit climate change mitigation and adaptation in the transport sector.
Active mobility - General
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | 1,000 electric two-wheel (e-bikes)/three-wheelers (e-rickshaws) | 2030 |
Biofuels
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to increase the blending of diesel with biodiesel (including coconut biofuel) for use in transportation to more than 20% by 2035, thereby reducing emissions by 185 kt CO₂ eq overall. | 2035 |
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | 20% biodiesel (biofuel) blending in diesel | 2030 |
| Vanuatu Updated NDC | 2022 | By 2030, 20 % bio-diesel (bio-fuel) blending in diesel. | 2030 |
| Vanuatu NDC Implementation Roadmap | 2021 | 20 percent biodiesel (biofuel) blending in diesel | 2030 |
EV - General
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | 1,000 electric two-wheel (e-bikes)/three-wheelers (e-rickshaws) | 2030 |
EV in public transport
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to expanding the access to and use of Electric Vehicles (e-mobility): by 2035 (a) Introduce e-buses for public transportation (10% of total public buses); (b) Introduce e-cars in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet); and (c) 1,000 electric two wheelers (e-bikes)/three wheelers (e-rickshaw), thereby reducing emissions by 26.1 kt CO₂ eq overall | 2035 |
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Electric vehicles (e-buses) for public transportation (10% of total public buses) | 2030 |
EV mandates/ procurement
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to expanding the access to and use of Electric Vehicles (e-mobility): by 2035 (a) Introduce e-buses for public transportation (10% of total public buses); (b) Introduce e-cars in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet); and (c) 1,000 electric two wheelers (e-bikes)/three wheelers (e-rickshaw), thereby reducing emissions by 26.1 kt CO₂ eq overall | 2035 |
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Electric cars (e-cars) in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet) | 2030 |
| Vanuatu Updated NDC | 2022 | Electric Vehicles (e-mobility): by 2030, (a) Introduce e-buses for public transportation (10% of total public buses); (b) Introduce e-cars in Vanuatu (10% of government fleet); and (c) 1000 electric two wheelers (e-bikes)/three wheelers (e-rickshaw). | 2030 |
| Vanuatu NDC Implementation Roadmap | 2021 | Electric vehicles (e-buses) for public transportation (10 percent of total public buses) Electric cars (e-Cars) in Vanuatu (10 percent of government fleet) 1,000 electric two-wheelers (e-bikes)/three-wheelers (e-rickshaws) | 2030 |
Green shipping program
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to continue its engagement with the Pacific Blue Shipping Partnership (PBSP) pursuing a commitment of a 100% carbon-free maritime transport sector by 2050, and will establish a policy and regulatory framework for the reduction of GHG in the maritime transport sector and transition all major ports to Green Ports with high resilience. | 2050 |
Managing transport energy consumption
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to a 10% improvement in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency, including tourism transport, by reducing fuel consumption and more efficient use of petrol (gasoline), diesel, Aviation Gasoline (AVG) and Jet Kerosene, thereby reducing emissions by 98.6 kt CO₂ eq overall. | 2035 |
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 | 2050 |
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Energy (transport): 105 Gg CO2-e | 2040 |
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Low Emission (LEDS) scenario: Energy (transport): 90 Gg CO2-e | 2050 |
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Improve transport (land and marine) energy efficiency, 10% saving on the BAU projection. Energy (transport): 110 Gg CO2-e | 2030 |
Renewable energy
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Explore the potential for powering sea-going vessels and land-based vehicles with renewable energy | 2030 |
| Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) - VUT | 2015 | To approach 100% renewable energy in the electricity sub-sector contingent upon appropriate financial and technical support made available | 2030 |
Shipping efficiency improvements
| Vanuatu Updated NDC | 2022 | By 2030, 10% improvement in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency. | 2030 |
| Vanuatu NDC Implementation Roadmap | 2021 | Improve transport (land and marine) energy efficiency - % savings on BAU projection= 10% (2030) | 2030 |
Vehicle efficiency standards
| Vanuatu Updated NDC | 2022 | By 2030, Mileage and Emission Standards for Vehicles. By 2030, 10% improvement in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency. | 2030 |
| Vanuatu NDC Implementation Roadmap | 2021 | Improve transport (land and marine) energy efficiency - % savings on BAU projection= 10% (2030) | 2030 |
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Improve transport (land and marine) energy efficiency: % saving on BAU projection = 10 (2030) | 2030 |
Transport and Climate Policy Measures
These tables list the policy measures that relate to climate change mitigation and adaptation in the transport sector that had been identified in the transport policy documents.
Access restriction by corridor/ road
| Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Road Traffic (Control) | 1962 | (1) It shall be unlawful to drive any heavy vehicle within the town limits of Port Vila and Luganville from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m., 11 a.m. to 12 noon, 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. from Monday to Friday, and on Saturday from 7 a.m. to 12 noon. (2) The Minister may, by Order, prescribe different times for the purpose of subsection (1), and he may in such Orders specify areas or public roads within the town limits of Port Vila and Luganville to which subsection (1) shall apply. | x |
Active mobility - General
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to expanding emissions free and active transport such as safe walking, cycling and micro-mobility through promotion and active facilitation of healthy lifestyles and health-seeking behaviours. | x |
Aircraft fleet renovation
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 | x |
Aviation fuels - General
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to a 10% improvement in transport (land and marine) energy efficiency, including tourism transport, by reducing fuel consumption and more efficient use of petrol (gasoline), diesel, Aviation Gasoline (AVG) and Jet Kerosene, thereby reducing emissions by 98.6 kt CO₂ eq overall. | x |
Aviation improvements - General
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | Improved air traffic management and related infrastructure use - Runway lighting in NVVV (Port Vila) changed to LED. - Runway light in NVVW (Tanna) | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Tourism Market Development Plan 2030 | 2019 | To ensure the success of new aviation routes in the early stages of establishment marketing activities need to commence well before the first flight in addition this is to create interest and desire to travel to Vanuatu from markets and cities that may never have heard of Vanuatu. | x |
Aviation safety
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | Enhancing weather forecasting services - | x |
Aviation traffic management
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 Improved air traffic management and related infrastructure use | x |
Biofuels
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Consolidate and expand the use of locally produced bio-fuels as an alternative to fossil fuels for electricity generation and transport Support the Department of Agriculture to develop a policy for the coconut industry, which would cover coconut oil for electricity generation, coconut oil-based fuel for land and sea transport, and increasing production of copra value-added products | x | x |
Capacity building - General
| Vanuatu Transport Sector Support Program (VTSSP) | n.d. | strengthen the financial management skills of MIPU / PWD staff. | |||||
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Vanuatu's transition to a low emissions climate resilient transport future requires a skills base and labour pool to support new technologies. Feedback from industry consultation recognised shortfalls in electrical engineering and computer skills, as well as availability of equipment for hands-on learning as part of new technical training curriculum for servicing hybrid and electric vehicles currently under development by the Vanuatu Qualifications Authority (VQA) as limiting the capacity of private sector to offer services. Vanuatu's National Human Resources Development Plan should be augmented with a clean technology skills focus. | |||||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Enhance the capacity and accountability of public officials, and ensure the impartiality and effectiveness of performance management systems. Strengthen national institutions to ensure they are cost-effective and well-resourced to deliver quality public services | x | ||||
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Build capacity to develop energy efficiency programmes, undertake energy audits, and maintain energy efficient equipment | |||||
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Promote Vanuatu as a crewing nation by ensuring that education and training continue to comply with international standards and will support, possibly through legislation, the hiring by shipping companies of Ni-Vanuatu. | x |
Climate-informed design standards
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Build climate change resilience into road design and construction standards | x | ||||
| Vanuatu 2030 | 2016 | Enact clear infrastructure governance, legislative frameworks and standards for resilient infrastructure and maintenance | |||||
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | design and construction of the South Santo Road to improve its resilience to climate-related hazards and/or events | x |
Data collection and repositories - General
| Vanuatu Transport Sector Support Program (VTSSP) | n.d. | update of the functional road classification and road asset register to help strengthen the planning and budgeting of works support MIPU with the preparation of an updated inventory of road building materials (including locally available materials) | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Strengthen research, data and statistics for accountability and decision-making. | x | ||||
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Improve the collection, analysis, monitoring, and collation (within a central system) of data on energy end-use by sector (electricity, liquid fuels, biomass) and use (cooking, transport, etc.). To include training of DoE officials as needed |
Data modelling
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | The development of an energy and transport sector model for LEAP is intended to support ongoing work of government and utilities in Vanuatu. The modelling supports strategic choices for long-term expansion of electricity in geography and uses, as well as renewable generation sources. Energy and transport sector modelling were undertaken using Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP)71 |
Development of national energy plan/ policy
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Explore options for promoting energy efficiency in the transport sector (including in tourism uses) and develop an action plan for cost-effective implementation | x | x | x |
Development of transport adaptation/ emergency/ disaster/ recovery plan/ policy
| National Policy on Climate Change and Disaster-Induced Displacement | 2018 | A relocation plan should be developed based a comprehensive assessment of the different needs of men, women, children, vulnerable and minority groups, including social-cultural dimensions. It should also include plans for the provision of basic utilities (water, sanitation, electricity) and services (health, education and transportation) and livelihood restoration (Also see Strategic Areas 6-10); | |||||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Develop disaster response plans and provide a means to deliver recovery funding |
Disaster monitoring
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | increasing rainfall collectors and installing telemetered automated weather stations across Vanuatu; • ensuring that all active volcanoes have monitoring facilities that meet minimum data standards, and increasing the number of volcano monitoring stations on active volcanoes nearby to high population centers; • increasing the number of earthquake monitoring stations to cover the entire nation. |
Disaster notification/ early warning system
| Vanuatu Updated NDC | 2022 | Vanuatu commits to improve its Climate Early Warning System (CLEWS), with tailored climate bulletins issued to specific end-users and incorporating mobile phone apps | |||||
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | Strengthen early warning systems by: • building on all hazard warning services to improve community access to timely and accurate warnings; • incorporating both modern technology and traditional methods into early warning systems; • collaborating across all levels of government and with existing networks; • incorporating lessons learned into early warning processes; and • developing strict protocols on the timing, use and content of early warnings and advisories. |
EV pilot projects
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | 2. Coordination of e-mobility pilots The multiple electric vehicle pilots should be coordinated to better inform the development of transport policy and infrastructure as well as realise synergies across pilot types. Synergies include project management tasks, government approvals, and importation permits, utility engagement, and support for a charging infrastructure. Options for coordination include harmonisation of all trials as projects under a single programme, or development of an e-mobility strategy which would prioritise technology and locations for trial. Stakeholder consultations included discussion of an expected e-mobility pilot project be developed by VNPF with the support of AFD, with a preliminary business case study to be completed by mid-2023. | x |
Education and behavior change - General
| Voluntary National Review on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development - VUT | 2019 | Proportion of population possessing common and basic traditional production skills related to transport, As of 2017: Transport= 33% |
Emissions trading and carbon pricing
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 | x |
Energy efficient vehicle incentives excl. EVs
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Reform import duties, tariffs and VAT to encourage imports of energy efficient and renewable energy equipment: Spare parts for vehicles and marine vessels Energy efficient vehicles | x |
Environment impact assessment
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | ensuring that the design and construction of public and other major infrastructure and development projects consider current and projected risks in order to minimise loss and damage, especially by developing and adhering to climate-proofed building codes, environmental impact assessments, regulations and development guidelines | x |
Fossil fuel subsidy rationalization
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Phasing out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that do not address energy poverty or just transitions, as soon as possible |
Fuel quality improvement
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | ensuring that national fuel quality standards are enacted | x | x | x |
Green aviation program
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | solar lighting Airport Improvements - Exploring the options of replacing classic runway lights with LED lights for Port Vila and Tanna - Airports Council International - Carbon Neutral Airport is ongoing. - International Terminal – Lighting upgrade to LEDs - GATIC Drainage for fuel spill off installed – apron area. - Landside car parking upgraded to paid car parking and solar lighting. - Trial exercise for a mini solar farm to be implemented at the NVVV control tower site - Full ADS-B implementation - AVL master plan – has laid out strategic plans for increasing airport land – North of the NVVV (Port Vila) runway for a big solar farm. - Installation of fixed electrical ground power and pre-conditioned air to allow aircraft APU switched off. Regulatory measures/other - Requiring transparent carbon reporting - Conferences and workshops | x |
Green roads program
| Vanuatu 2030 | 2016 | Improve partnerships and the cost effective use of resources to ensure sustainable asset management and maintenance | x | x | x |
Green shipping program
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to continue its engagement with the Pacific Blue Shipping Partnership (PBSP) pursuing a commitment of a 100% carbon-free maritime transport sector by 2050, and will establish a policy and regulatory framework for the reduction of GHG in the maritime transport sector and transition all major ports to Green Ports with high resilience. | x |
Inland waterways (IWT) improvement - General
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Promote the development of domestic ferry services as an alternative transport mode, where practicable. | x |
Involvement of subnational government for transport activities
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Strengthen local authorities and municipal institutions to enable decentralised service delivery. |
Maritime Safety
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Ensure that all ports and shipping routes fulfill requirements regarding depth, width, harbour channel markings and other navigational safety items. Ensure that Vanuatu flagged ships and those foreign ships operating in Vanuatu waters operate in accordance with local and international maritime safety, security and environmental protection standards. | x |
Micromobility - General
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to expanding emissions free and active transport such as safe walking, cycling and micro-mobility through promotion and active facilitation of healthy lifestyles and health-seeking behaviours. | x |
Net zero, carbon neutrality
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu is already a carbon-negative country |
Passenger and freight load limits
| Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Road Traffic (Control) | 1962 | The total loading of all vehicles including any articulated vehicles shall not exceed 8 tons per axle, or 24 tons overall, in the absence of special approval from the Director of Public Works | x |
Performance-based transport maintenance contracts
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Introducing a range of supporting mechanisms to ensure the Corporate and Divisional plans are implemented, including o Cost-centre reporting that makes each Divisional Manager responsible for expenditure in their area; o Performance-based rewards system within the framework of Public Services rules; o Formalised Performance Management Cycle, with regular reporting and KRIs incorporated into management performance agreements; and o Enhanced executive management understanding of their new roles in a restructured PWD, through training workshops, study tours and mentoring. | x |
Planning to reduce future vulnerabilities and minimizing losses
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to ensuring that the design and construction of public and other major infrastructure and development projects consider current and projected risks to minimise loss and damage, especially by developing and adhering to climate-proofed building codes, environmental impact assessments, regulations and development guidelines. Vanuatu commits to ensure the delivery of essential services (emergency, security, health, nutrition, education, infrastructure, WASH services, energy, transportation, telecommunications and ICT) to all people affected by climate displacement, including migrants and host communities. | |||||
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | Strengthen risk assessment processes by: • undertaking multi-hazard risk and social risk mapping exercises to inform planning at local, provincial and national levels and involving relevant stakeholders; • utilising the results of risk assessments in designing programmes and projects; • developing and building capacity in the use of risk assessment tools, such as geographic information systems and mobile phone and/or tablet platforms, to ensure consistency and effectiveness; • upgrading the seismic network for earthquake location in Vanuatu; and |
Private sector investment/ PPP
| MIPU 2020 Corporate Plan | 2020 | Involve local communities in infrastructure delivery, maintenance and operations | |||||
| Vanuatu 2030 | 2016 | Establish effective partnerships that facilitate the development of the private sector and rural communities as service suppliers in the provision of transport and the infrastructure sector |
Reference to domestic financing mechanisms
| MIPU 2020 Corporate Plan | 2020 | Develop sustainable funding mechanisms to support network development and operations | x | x | x | ||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Develop disaster response plans and provide a means to deliver recovery funding |
Reference to international financial support
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 | x |
Relocation from climate-risk areas
| National Policy on Climate Change and Disaster-Induced Displacement | 2018 | Ensure transportation considerations are built into relocation plans |
Renewable energy
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | exploring the possibility of powering sea-going vessels and land-based vehicles with renewable energy | x | x |
Reporting, transparency, feedback mechanism
| Vanuatu Transport Sector Support Program (VTSSP) | n.d. | Reporting on program progress will be provided by the Program Management Group to the GfG Management Committee on a six monthly basis. The reporting should cover: • Progress of works against plan; • Expenditure against plan; • Training and transfer of technology (particularly effectiveness); and • Performance of the TA • Contribution towards the results and outcomes indicated in the Results framework for Phase 1 (Annex E). | |||||
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | 0 | x |
Research in transport sector
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | Alternative fuel Feasibility study research Join the ICAO ACT-SAF programme | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Strengthen research, data and statistics for accountability and decision-making. | x | ||||
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | Capacity Building Program. The potential activities will include: (i) technical and operational assistance to MIPU/PWD on project management and implementation; (ii) capacity building for local contracting industry; (iii) specific project activities to create opportunities for women and address the barriers that prevent their participation; (iv) activities to address gender based violence; (v) improving MIPU/PWD staff and contractors understanding and application of occupational health and safety (OHS) measures; and, (vi) abroad study tour for governmental staff to gain knowledge from other countries who have been successful in mainstreaming climate resilience into the road asset management, road maintenance financing and road safety. | x |
Resilient transport infrastructure
| The Vanuatu Government 2nd National Voluntary Review of the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals | 2024 | Strengthening Infrastructure: Investing in resilient infrastructure is crucial for enhancing both national and community resilience. This includes upgrading buildings, roads, and bridges to withstand natural disasters such as cyclones and earthquakes. By adopting green and sustainable construction practices, Vanuatu can ensure that its infrastructure not only supports current needs but is also adaptable to future environmental conditions. | x |
Road infrastructure expansion
| Vanuatu Infrastructure Investment Plan | 2015 | Review the Infrastructure Master Plan, priorities projects and only construct new roads when economic benefits have been demonstrated. Indicators: Percentage of total VIMP roads constructed and maintained | x | ||||
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | construction of five wet crossings/bridges to address connectivity issues along South Santo Road – which are exacerbated in the rainy season | x |
Road surfacing
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | upgrading of gravel to paved road along the corridor and the feeder roads network | x |
Road-side checks for traffic safety enforcement
| Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Road Traffic (Control) | 1962 | It is an offence to drive on a public road any vehicle loaded in such a way as to cause danger to the public. | x |
Routine transport asset maintenance
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | routine and periodic maintenance | x |
Shipping efficiency improvements
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | ensuring improvements in the fuel efficiency for the transport sector (land, sea and air) by standardising engine fuel efficiency | x |
Shipping improvement - General
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Promote and develop regular shipping services and related infrastructure as well as a welldefined regulatory framework. Promote Vanuatu as a premier cruise ship destination and ensure the provision of effective support services and related infrastructure as well as a well- defined regulatory framework. Ensure that all ports and shipping routes fulfill requirements regarding depth, width, harbour channel markings and other navigational safety items Ensure the PSC inspection targets are met, currently set at 15% of all ships making a port call, by ensuring that adequate human resources are available. Ensure that appropriate regulations and navigational aids are developed to achieve safe usage of the waterways | x |
Solar energy
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | solar lighting Airport Improvements | x |
Stakeholder involvement - General
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Improve partnerships and the costeffective use of resources to ensure sustainable asset management and maintenance. Outsource road maintenance and improvement to private contractors and communities |
Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF)
| Action Plan for CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Civil Aviation in Vanuatu | 2023 | Alternative fuel Feasibility study research Join the ICAO ACT-SAF programme | x |
Technical standards for general transport infrastructure
| Voluntary National Review on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development - VUT | 2019 | Ensure compliance with international conventions and standards for safe and secure transport (SDG Indicators 11.2.1) External audits will be completed to establish compliance with conventions and standards and expose nonconformity. At this time these audits must be scheduled for future implementation. | |||||
| Vanuatu 2030 | 2016 | Ensure compliance with international conventions and standards for safe and secure transport | |||||
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Ensure that Vanuatu flagged ships and those foreign ships operating in Vanuatu waters operate in accordance with local and international maritime safety, security and environmental protection standards. | x |
Technical standards for road infrastructure
| Vanuatu Transport Sector Support Program (VTSSP) | n.d. | development of appropriate local technical standards for road works | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Build measures to protect the environment into design and construction standards and planning processes | x | ||||
| Public Roads Act No. 35 of 2013 | 2013 | Technical standards established under this section may: be structural standards or geometric standards vary according to road characteristics (including the nature and volume of traffic), and may or may not be related to the public road classification be established for a structure associated with a public road. | x |
Technology and knowledge transfer
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Develop ICT-systems for financial, asset and human recourse management | |||||
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | implementing activities for measuring effluent at potential pollution sites such as diesel power generation plants and at traffic ways. | x |
Transport Laws and Regulations- General
| Civil Aviation Act | 2021 | Civil Aviation Act | x | ||||
| MIPU 2020 Corporate Plan | 2020 | Develop policies and strategies that provide clear guidance for network development and operations | |||||
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Promulgate appropriate legislation to govern safe operation of Vanuatu flagged ships worldwide and foreign ships operating in Vanuatu waters, including designation of safe navigation routes and procedures Regularly review and update shipping related legislative frameworks in conformity to Vanuatu's International obligations. | |||||
| Public Roads Act No. 35 of 2013 | 2013 | PROTECTING THE PUBLIC ROAD Division 1 Regulating Activities 31 Prohibited activities on public roads | x | ||||
| MARITIME ACT | 2011 | Maritime Act | x | ||||
| Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Road Traffic (Control) | 1962 | LAWS OF THE REPUBLIC OF VANUATU CHAPTER 29 ROAD TRAFFIC (CONTROL) | x |
Transport access improvement - General
| Voluntary National Review on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development - VUT | 2019 | The NSDP focus is on the proportion of population with access to transport by road, sea and air with a target of 100% access by 2030 | x | x | x | ||
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | construction of five wet crossings/bridges to address connectivity issues along South Santo Road – which are exacerbated in the rainy season | x |
Transport asset management - General
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Implement asset management system Improve partnerships and the costeffective use of resources to ensure sustainable asset management and maintenance. | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Infrastructure Investment Plan | 2015 | Properly rehabilitate and maintain the road network Indicator: Percentage of the road network that have been maintained. Ensure adequate maintenance and upgrading of existing domestic airports and airstrips. Indicator: Percentage of total number of airstrips serviceable at standards Maintain and upgrade existing marine infrastructure including storage facilities. Indicators: - Percentage of wharves maintained. | x | ||||
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | mainstreaming climate resilience into the road asset management | x |
Transport asset management funding strategy
| Vanuatu Infrastructure Investment Plan | 2015 | A concept of a ‘Transport Infrastructure Maintenance Fund', as referenced elsewhere in this report, has been developed with Australian assistance in mid-2014, and is being circulated and discussed in GoV. | x |
Transport asset management technology
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | The development of an integrated and scalable digital platform that integrates, to the fullest extent possible, separate systems such as MIS, HRMIS, FMIS, RAMS | x |
Transport finance - General
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Coordinate donor resources to align with national objectives. | x |
Transport infrastructure modification to reduce climate risks
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to assessing, for all new government infrastructure investments, the “Resilience of Project Assets to Climate Change and Natural Disaster Risk”, and build to high climate change and disaster risk reduction standards, with backup, failover, low vulnerability location, etc. | |||||
| Rural Roads Access Framework | 2013 | coastal protection near Luganville to protect the road; mainstreaming climate resilience into the road asset management | x |
Transport institutional reform
| Vanuatu Transport Sector Support Program (VTSSP) | n.d. | improvements to the PWD work planning and budgeting processes and advocate the use of policy and output based budgeting. | |||||
| Vanuatu Roads for Development Program | 2017 | Institutionalise climate change and disaster risk governance, and build institutional capacity and awareness | x | ||||
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Implement measures to attract ship owners to register their vessels in Vanuatu through a vibrant ship registry that is internationally respected and profitable | x |
Transport international conventions - General
| Vanuatu 2030 | 2016 | Ensure compliance with international conventions and standards for safe and secure transport |
Vehicle efficiency standards
| Vanuatu NDC 3.0 | 2025 | Vanuatu commits to fully implementing and enforcing the Fuel and Vehicle Emission Standards, thereby reducing emissions by 2.9 kt CO₂ eq overall | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Low Emissions Development Strategy | 2023 | Introduction of vehicle and fuel efficiency standards Implement complementary vehicle and fuel standards. | x | ||||
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Explore options for promoting energy efficiency in the transport sector (including in tourism uses) and develop an action plan for costeffective implementation | x | ||||
| Vanuatu Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2016-2030 | 2016 | ensuring improvements in the fuel efficiency for the transport sector (land, sea and air) by standardising engine fuel efficiency | x |
Vehicle inspection and maintenance
| Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Road Traffic (Control) | 1962 | The following documents shall be submitted to the Minister to effect annual registration renewal of a foreign vehicle – (a) original proof of valid third party insurance; and (b) original certificate of roadworthiness issued by a reputable vehicle inspection garage. | x |
Vehicle labelling
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Incorporate MEPS (mandatory standards and labelling system) into Government procurement policies for appliances and vehicles | x |
Vehicle roadworthiness laws and regulations
| Laws of the Republic of Vanuatu Road Traffic (Control) | 1962 | The following documents shall be submitted to the Minister to effect annual registration renewal of a foreign vehicle – (a) original proof of valid third party insurance; and (b) original certificate of roadworthiness issued by a reputable vehicle inspection garage. | x |
Vehicle taxes
| Updated Vanuatu National Energy Road Map 2016-2030 | 2016 | Reform import duties, tariffs and VAT to encourage imports of energy efficient and renewable energy equipment: Spare parts for vehicles and marine vessels Energy efficient vehicles | x |
Vessel scrappage and retrofit
| Vanuatu's National Ocean Policy | 2016 | Promote the expansion of ship repair and maintenance activities to support the maritime sector. | x |
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