Kiribati Transport and Climate Profile 2026
Outline
KIRIBATI
TRANSPORT AND CLIMATE PROFILE
Supported by:
Transport and Climate Change
Transport Energy Consumption
Adaptation and Resilience
Other Externalities
Vehicle Fleet
Urban Transport
Transport Investments
Transport and Climate Policy Documents
Distribution of Transport and Climate Policy Measures in Policy Documents
National Policy Priorities on Transport
Direct GHG Targets
These tables contains transport-relevant (e.g. economy-wide; sector-specific) GHG emissions targets as explicitly mentioned in the policy documents.
Economy-wide GHG emissions mandates
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | unconditional reduction of BAU GHG by 9.5% by 2025; conditional by 16.7% | 2025 |
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | unconditional reduction of BAU GHG by 8% by 2030; conditional by 23.8% | 2030 |
| Kiribati NDC | 2016 | Kiribati is a LDC SIDS with limited resources, that will nonetheless commit to reduce emissions by: 13.7% by 2025 and 12.8% by 2030 compared to a BaU projection. On the understanding that a global agreement addresses international assistance to access financial and technical resources, Kiribati can, with international assistance, contribute a further: 48.8% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2025; and 49% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, compared to the BaU projection. With appropriate international assistance, Kiribati can reduce its emissions by more than 60% (61.8%) by 2030. | 2025 |
| Kiribati NDC | 2016 | Kiribati is a LDC SIDS with limited resources, that will nonetheless commit to reduce emissions by: 13.7% by 2025 and 12.8% by 2030 compared to a BaU projection. On the understanding that a global agreement addresses international assistance to access financial and technical resources, Kiribati can, with international assistance, contribute a further: 48.8% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2025; and 49% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, compared to the BaU projection. With appropriate international assistance, Kiribati can reduce its emissions by more than 60% (61.8%) by 2030. | 2030 |
Net zero, carbon neutrality
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | 0 | 2050 |
Indirect Transport Climate Change Targets
These tables show non-GHG targets as specified in the policy documents which indirectly benefit climate change mitigation and adaptation in the transport sector.
Aviation transport activity
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | the number of flight schedules per month will be increase to 30 by 2019 and to 50 by 2036 | 2036 |
Increasing transport activity
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | the number of shipping voyages per month will be increased to 30 by 2019 and to 50 by 2036 | 2036 |
Managing transport energy consumption
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | 0 | 2050 |
Shipping efficiency improvements
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | replace 2,010 of the 2-stroke outboard motors used in Kiribati with either 4-stroke motors (1,560) or electric outboards (450) by 2030 | 2030 |
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | replace 2,010 of the 2-stroke outboard motors used in Kiribati with either 4-stroke motors (1,560) or electric outboards (450) by 2030. Low Carbon Mini-Container Ship: This opportunity includes investment in a mini container ship of 80 twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) capacity to be operated by KNSL. | 2030 |
Transport and Climate Policy Measures
These tables list the policy measures that relate to climate change mitigation and adaptation in the transport sector that had been identified in the transport policy documents.
Accreditation of transport agencies and centres
| Development of national road safety strategy - Driver training and licensing | 2013 | Promote the establishment of an adequate number of properly equipped driver training establishments | x |
Active mobility - General
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | use of bicycles | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | access and use of bicycles and/or e-bicycles in Kiribati | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Bicycle/E-Bike Financing Initiative. – Land Transport Infrastructure Upgrade for Non-motorized Transport: The design and implementation of enhanced land transport infrastructure will support decarbonisation based on the availability of infrastructure designed to prioritize use of non-motorized transport (e.g. - cycling and walking). To encourage decarbonisation, by reinforcing non-motorized transport through deliberate inclusion of separated green space between vehicle lanes and protected infrastructure for foot and bicycle traffic along 370 km of dedicated roadways yet to undergo paving/upgrading. Technical assistance and the financing of both the design and infrastructure will guide how carriageway and bridges are partitioned, and the allocation of space between motorized and non-motorized transport will encourage GHG mitigation via non-motorised transport. | x | ||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Develop and implement public awareness and educational programmes for: good transport management; electricity use; energy efficiency and conservation, and use of active transport (bicycles, walking), particularly in villages. | x |
Active transport infrastructure expansion and improvement
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | – Land Transport Infrastructure Upgrade for Non-motorized Transport: The design and implementation of enhanced land transport infrastructure will support decarbonisation based on the availability of infrastructure designed to prioritize use of non-motorized transport (e.g. - cycling and walking). To encourage decarbonisation, by reinforcing non-motorized transport through deliberate inclusion of separated green space between vehicle lanes and protected infrastructure for foot and bicycle traffic along 370 km of dedicated roadways yet to undergo paving/upgrading. Technical assistance and the financing of both the design and infrastructure will guide how carriageway and bridges are partitioned, and the allocation of space between motorized and non-motorized transport will encourage GHG mitigation via non-motorised transport. | x |
Aircraft fleet renovation
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | 0 | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | f renewing the Air Kiribati (domestic) fleet of six small aircraft provides a suitable opportunity for continual improvements in aircraft performance. | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Aircraft Re-Fleeting Programme | x | ||||
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Fleet renewal - passenger and cargo | x |
Airport infrastructure improvement
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Airport & Airfield infrastructure upgrade | x | ||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Enhance air transport infrastructure and security to better withstand impacts of climate change and disaster risks. a. Construct runway seawall and runway end safety area to protect runway from sea level rise and erosion and to accommodate relief plane in times of disaster. b. Strengthen navigational capacity through calibration of navigational requirements and installation of navigational aids at every international and domestic airport. c. Improve/rehabilitate all airports (including Canton and Fanning). | x | ||||
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | rehabilitate the airfield in order to support eco-tourism development in PIPA and emergency flights in the line and Phoenix Islands. purchase bigger aircrafts like Dash 8 to supplement existing fleets to meet the growing domestic demand, and to establish an international link to neighbouring countries. improvement of runways on the outer islands, procurement of an Airbus, | x | ||||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Identify and improve the infrastructure needs for the Line and Phoenix islands including the sea port and airport facilities on Kanton Island. Improve operational safety and oversight of international air transport infrastructure through the completion of the Kiribati Aviation Investment Project. | x |
Airport/ground operations improvement
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | training program for aviation - related oprational efficiency measures | x |
Aviation safety
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Build and provide necessary infrastructure for development such as air and sea ports. To improve accessibility to aviation information and publication to create a society of informed citizens on aviation events and issues; hence increase understanding of requirements to support safe air operations. To provide an effective safety oversight system for the provision of safe and reliable Air Services. Build improved terminals where needed | x |
Biofuels
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | use of biofuel blends | x | x | |||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | e import and use of biofuel blends for diesel and petrol, and the construction of necessary infrastructure to enable the use of these fuels | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Biofuel Blends in Land and Maritime Transport: e import and use of biofuel blends for diesel and petrol, and the construction of necessary infrastructure to enable the use of these fuels | x | ||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Establish fuel standards and a testing facility for coconut oil-based biofuel to be used for power generation and transport | x | x | |||
| Kiribati Integrated Energy Roadmap: 2017-2025 | 2017 | Establish local, CNO-based biofuel production chain | |||||
| Kiribati NDC | 2016 | Use of coconut oil as biodiesel for transport | x | x |
Budget/ identification of public transport projects
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | provide technical assistance, capacity building, and investment in motorised, transit services (e.g. buses), which will offer more passenger capacity per vehicle for transit between communities | x |
Bunkering infrastructure for alternative fuels
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | import and use of biofuel blends for diesel and petrol, and the construction of necessary infrastructure to enable the use of these fuels | x |
Capacity building - General
| Nepal Road Safety Action Plan (2021-2030) | 2022 | Multi-disciplinary participation in road safety-related discussions and investigation of major road crashes Ensure availability of trained workforce for effective monitoring and implementation of the prevailing provision of VTMR § 140, 157, 158 | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Multi-modal Transit Initiative: provide technical assistance, capacity building, and investment in motorised, transit services (e.g. buses), which will offer more passenger capacity per vehicle for transit between communities. capacity building and training programme for maintenance and operation of the alternative outboard motors for boat operators and mechanics Aviation Operational Training Programme | x | x | x | ||
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Human capacity to operate new Government infrastructure to quality standards. Ensure efficient administration and human resource development | |||||
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | rehabilitation works for existing causeways15, including enabling works and related investments, to ensure accessibility on prioritized outer islands. The rehabilitation works will include climate resilient features such as the provision of durable wearing course (i.e. interlocking block or concrete geocell), proper drainage and erosion control. The maintenance of the causeways will be secured during the project period, by providing technical assistance and training for developing causeways maintenance programs, and promoting the participation of women on the maintenance teams(by piloting an all-female routine maintenance team for causeway/maritime facilities); and (b) accompanying consulting services16 to support detailed design and delivery of this sub-component, as well as additional site investigations and studies strengthen MICTTD and MISE's institutional and regulatory functions for transport sector asset management, systematically increasing the sustainability of the climate resilient transport sector investments. | x | x | x | ||
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | institutional strengthening of AKL to improve its domestic and international air service capability. | x | ||||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Promote training opportunities for professional and technical staff in relevant ministries including work attachments in local and overseas programmes. Upgrade and enhance the capacity of ministry professional and support staff in the use and application of appropriate levels of competency in the information and communication technology. |
Data collection and repositories - General
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Upgrade and improve data storage and management and use by staff in Ministries. |
Decreasing transport activity
| Kiribati Integrated Energy Roadmap: 2017-2025 | 2017 | Reduction on fuel use for land transport for Ministries | x |
Development of biofuel plan/policy
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Roadmap developed for substituting diesel fuel with coconut oil biofuel for power generation and transportation | x | x |
Development of climate change/ low carbon plan/ policy
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | National Action Plan for Decarbonising Maritime Transport | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | National Action Plan for Decarbonising Maritime Transport: e provision of technical assistance for the preparation and implementation of a coordinated national level action plan for decarbonising maritime transport, including for lodging with the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) | x |
Development of shipping/ maritime/ inland water transport (IWT) plan/ policy
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | National Action Plan for Decarbonising Maritime Transport | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | National Action Plan for Decarbonising Maritime Transport: e provision of technical assistance for the preparation and implementation of a coordinated national level action plan for decarbonising maritime transport, including for lodging with the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) | x |
Development of transport asset management plan/policy
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Implement sustainable infrastructure by developing and adopting a comprehensive maintenance plan for major infrastructure. | x | x | x |
Disaster notification/ early warning system
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | increasing effectiveness and efficiency of early warning and disaster emergency management | |||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | • Increasing effectiveness and efficiency of early warnings and disaster and emergency management | |||||
| Kiribati NDC | 2016 | Increasing effectiveness and efficiency of early warnings and disaster emergency management |
EV - General
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | access and use of bicycles and/or e-bicycles in Kiribati. introduction of up to 2,800 Electric Vehicles (EV) and a network of Level-2 chargers in Kiribat | x |
EV charging infrastructure
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | introduction of up to 2,800 Electric Vehicles (EV) and a network of Level-2 chargers in Kiribat | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Electric Vehicle Network Development: Technical assistance and financial support for the development and introduction of up to 2,800 Electric Vehicles (EV) and a network of Level-2 chargers in Kiribati. planning for the allocation of infrastructure to create a sufficient charging network across first the public, and then the private sector locations | x |
EV mandates/ procurement
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Bicycle/E-Bike Financing Initiative. Electric Vehicle Network Development: Technical assistance and financial support for the development and introduction of up to 2,800 Electric Vehicles (EV) and a network of Level-2 chargers in Kiribati. | x |
Education and behavior change - General
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | To improve accessibility to aviation information and publication to create a society of informed citizens on aviation events and issues; hence increase understanding of requirements to support safe air operations. | x | ||||
| Development of national road safety strategy - Driver training and licensing | 2013 | Road safety awareness campaigns are aimed at changing driver attitudes and behaviours and thus complement driver training and make it more effective. Organize campaigns and orientation programmes for all categories of road users and make them aware of their respective responsibilities Including first aid training for schools and the community | x |
Education curriculum sensitizing about transport subsector
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | training program for aviation - related oprational efficiency measures | x |
Emissions trading and carbon pricing
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | 0 | x |
Excavation/dredging
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | finance engineering studies and civil works for a variety of maritime infrastructure improvements (including associated infrastructure), tailored to the needs of each island, as follows: (a) construction of jetty, passenger terminal and concrete ramp on Abaiang; and small-scale dredging (at Tebikerike, North Beru), passenger terminal, and seawall upgrade works on Beru; (b) construction of small multipurpose maritime facilities on Nonouti and Tabiteuea South, including concrete boat ramp, shelter, and AtoN workshop and small equipment | x |
Female economic empowerment and workforce participation
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | promoting the participation of women on the maintenance teams(by piloting an all-female routine maintenance team for causeway/maritime facilities) | x | x | x |
Freight and logistics improvements - General
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Enhance transport and logistics infrastructure to be safer and more climateresilient to promote outer island tourism. | x | x | x |
Green aviation program
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | Eco-Airport Program a. Planting of trees b. Installation of LED lights to replace classic lighting c. Installation of solar panels in for power generation at the airport d. Internal procedure improvement for minimizing energy consumption (human behaviour) | x |
Green roads program
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Implement environmentally sustainable causeways in both the urban and rural areas including the completion of the new causeway between Betio and Bairiki. | x | x |
Green shipping program
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | operationalising low-carbon vessels | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | National Action Plan for Decarbonising Maritime Transport. Low Carbon Mini-Container Ship: This opportunity includes investment in a mini container ship of 80 twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) capacity to be operated by KNSL | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Low Carbon Mini-Container Ship: This opportunity includes investment in a mini container ship of 80 twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) capacity to be operated by KNSL. Small Low Carbon Cargo/Passenger Freighter: This opportunity includes investment in a freighter of approximately 200 tonnes, with some passenger capacity, to be operated by KNSL. Zero-impact cruise liner, Phoenix Islands: This opportunity involved the implementation of a pilot ‘zero impact' small scale cruise liner with capacity of 40-50 passengers operating from Tarawa to the Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA) | x | x |
Infrastructure improvements - General
| Pacific Regional Connectivity Program Phase 4 | 2023 | Digital Connectivity Infrastructure. This component will support the development of climate and disaster resilient national digital connectivity infrastructure | x | x | x | ||
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | To improve air, land and sea transport infrastructure. Provide/improve access between Tarawa and the outer islands | x | x |
Managing transport energy consumption
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Develop a policy to guide and enforce the efficient use of energy and infrastructure upgrading in the transport sector and power sector. | x | x | x |
Maritime Safety
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | To provide safe, quality and affordable shipping services to all islands to support socio-economic development policies. | x | ||||
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | finance hydrographic surveying (by Airborne Laser Bathymetry (ALB) and vessel-based Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) surveys) and maritime charts focusing on the four target islands to significantly improve the safety of navigation. | x |
Modal shift
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | shifting to public transport | x |
Parking measures - General
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Address Traffic congestions and parking. | x |
Passenger and freight load limits
| Maritime Act | 2017 | Neither the master nor the owner of a vessel shall permit to be carried in the vessel more persons than the permitted number of passengers. All vessels registered under this Act with a length between perpendiculars (LBP) of 24 metres or more shall be assigned a freeboard in accordance with the International Load Line Convention 1966 and its subsequent amendments or it protocols. | x |
Private sector investment/ PPP
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | locally driven resilience programes | |||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Whole-of-Lifecycle Vehicle Programme: The opportunity for government intervention, as well as potential private sector operators, in the collection and export of scrap materials from recovered vehicles can be addressed through technical assistance and investment to develop and establish publicprivate partnerships or service contract/licensing arrangements. | x |
Public transport improvement - General
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Multi-modal Transit Initiative: provide technical assistance, capacity building, and investment in motorised, transit services (e.g. buses), which will offer more passenger capacity per vehicle for transit between communities. | x | ||||
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Public transportation service improved and co-ordinated | x |
Public transport intermodality - General
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Multi-modal Transit Initiative: provide technical assistance, capacity building, and investment in motorised, transit services (e.g. buses), which will offer more passenger capacity per vehicle for transit between communities. | x |
Reference to international financial support
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | 0 | x |
Renewable energy
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | promote and enhance transition towards renewable energy sources - by appropriate policy, legislation and regulation | |||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Promoting the use of sustainable renewable sources of energy and energy efficiency | |||||
| Kiribati Climate Change Policy | 2018 | Promote and enhance the transition towards renewable energy sources. | |||||
| Kiribati Integrated Energy Roadmap: 2017-2025 | 2017 | Explore the feasibility of the development of alternative liquid fuels based on indigenous raw materials, such as coconut | |||||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Develop and promote the use of renewable energy in all sectors of the economy including the implementation of the Kiribati Integrated Energy Roadmap. | |||||
| Kiribati NDC | 2016 | Maximum use of RE & EE |
Repurposing road space for active mobility access
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | – Land Transport Infrastructure Upgrade for Non-motorized Transport: The design and implementation of enhanced land transport infrastructure will support decarbonisation based on the availability of infrastructure designed to prioritize use of non-motorized transport (e.g. - cycling and walking). To encourage decarbonisation, by reinforcing non-motorized transport through deliberate inclusion of separated green space between vehicle lanes and protected infrastructure for foot and bicycle traffic along 370 km of dedicated roadways yet to undergo paving/upgrading. Technical assistance and the financing of both the design and infrastructure will guide how carriageway and bridges are partitioned, and the allocation of space between motorized and non-motorized transport will encourage GHG mitigation via non-motorised transport. | x |
Resilient transport infrastructure
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | building coastal resilinece through strategic coastal protection iitiatives | |||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Enhance transport and logistics infrastructure to be safer and more climateresilient to promote outer island tourism. | x | x | x | ||
| Kiribati NDC | 2016 | Promoting sound and reliable infrastructure development and land management | x |
Road infrastructure expansion
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | Government will develop 9 tar-sealed roads by 2019 and 19 tar-sealed roads by 2036 in the outer island | x |
Shipping efficiency improvements
| Kiribati Enhanced NDC | 2023 | fuel efficient outboard motors | x | ||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Introduce regulations on minimum standards for energy efficiency | x | ||||
| Kiribati Integrated Energy Roadmap: 2017-2025 | 2017 | Efficient sea ferry system developed for nearby outer islands | x |
Shipping improvement - General
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Build and provide necessary infrastructure for development such as air and sea ports. To provide safe, quality and affordable shipping services to all islands to support socio-economic development policies. Develop and review new vessel design. Naval Architecture development and training New Premises for Marine Division Establish and improve wharfs/jetties and ramps for domestic travel and cargo shipments Rules and guidelines for domestic fleets Reviewal/Renewal of existing domestic vessel licenses | x | ||||
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | finance hydrographic surveying (by Airborne Laser Bathymetry (ALB) and vessel-based Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) surveys) and maritime charts focusing on the four target islands to significantly improve the safety of navigation. | x | ||||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Enhance sea transport infrastructure to better withstand climate change and disaster risks and provide food and water security. a. Procure and install navigational/radio equipment (including Kiritimati). b. Include risk reduction considerations in rehabilitation of Kiritimati Port. | x | ||||
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | development plans to improve maritime infrastructure on the outer islands. | x | ||||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Improve the inter-island transport system. | x |
Shipping port infrastructure improvements
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Provision of efficient port services and safe facilities. Improve safety measures & support. Improve port operations & security logistics. Port expansion | x | ||||
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | finance engineering studies and civil works for a variety of maritime infrastructure improvements (including associated infrastructure), tailored to the needs of each island, as follows: (a) construction of jetty, passenger terminal and concrete ramp on Abaiang; and small-scale dredging (at Tebikerike, North Beru), passenger terminal, and seawall upgrade works on Beru; (b) construction of small multipurpose maritime facilities on Nonouti and Tabiteuea South, including concrete boat ramp, shelter, and AtoN workshop and small equipment | x | ||||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Identify and improve the infrastructure needs for the Line and Phoenix islands including the sea port and airport facilities on Kanton Island. | x |
Stakeholder involvement - General
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Work closely with MOE and other stakeholders on road safety | x | ||||
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | it will provide assistance to design , to replace existing defective AtoNs, to fabricate and install new AtoNs, as well as technical assistance to establish a system of maintaining these assets. Activities will involve as much local participation as possible, with a specific goal of transferring skills needed to sustain the Marine Division's AtoNs fabrication and asset management function into the future. | x |
Sustainable aviation fuels (SAF)
| Kiribati Action Plan on CO2 Emissions Reduction from International Aviation | 2023 | Use of Sustainable Aviation Fuel Integration of the Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) into the domestic operational fuel mixture would significantly reduce CO2 emissions from domestic operations but would also mean that a transition from the conventional fuels used in Kiribati to SAF would mean outbound international flights will reduce CO2 emissions as well from the use of SAF. This potential mitigation measure would first require a study on storage and handling of SAF as well as any financial challenges Kiribati may face in the implementation of use of SAF. | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | Integration of biofuels - sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) - into the Air Kiribati operational fuel mixture | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Sustainable Aviation Fuel Integration Initiative: Integration of biofuels - sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) - into the Air Kiribati operational fuel mixture | x |
Technical standards for road infrastructure
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | – Land Transport Infrastructure Upgrade for Non-motorized Transport: The design and implementation of enhanced land transport infrastructure will support decarbonisation based on the availability of infrastructure designed to prioritize use of non-motorized transport (e.g. - cycling and walking). To encourage decarbonisation, by reinforcing non-motorized transport through deliberate inclusion of separated green space between vehicle lanes and protected infrastructure for foot and bicycle traffic along 370 km of dedicated roadways yet to undergo paving/upgrading. Technical assistance and the financing of both the design and infrastructure will guide how carriageway and bridges are partitioned, and the allocation of space between motorized and non-motorized transport will encourage GHG mitigation via non-motorised transport. | x |
Technology and knowledge transfer
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Upgrade and enhance the capacity of ministry professional and support staff in the use and application of appropriate levels of competency in the information and communication technology. |
Traffic management
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Address Traffic congestions and parking. | x |
Transport Laws and Regulations- General
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | Review existing policies and legislations underpinning land transport | x | ||||
| Amendment to Maritime Act | 2019 | Maritime Ammendment Act, 2019 | x | ||||
| Maritime Act | 2017 | Maritime Act 2017 | x |
Transport access improvement - General
| Ministry Strategic Plan (MICTTD) 2021-2024 | 2021 | To improve accessibility to aviation information and publication to create a society of informed citizens on aviation events and issues; hence increase understanding of requirements to support safe air operations. To improve air, land and sea transport infrastructure. Provide/improve access between Tarawa and the outer islands | x |
Transport asset management - General
| Kiribati National Infrastructure Investment Plan 2022-2032 - Project Database | 2024 | Maintenance and Upgrade of all National Roads | x | ||||
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | provide assistance to design14 , to replace existing defective AtoNs, to fabricate and install new AtoNs, as well as technical assistance to establish a system of maintaining these assets. rehabilitation works for existing causeways15, including enabling works and related investments, to ensure accessibility on prioritized outer islands. The rehabilitation works will include climate resilient features such as the provision of durable wearing course (i.e. interlocking block or concrete geocell), proper drainage and erosion control. The maintenance of the causeways will be secured during the project period, by providing technical assistance and training for developing causeways maintenance programs, and promoting the participation of women on the maintenance teams(by piloting an all-female routine maintenance team for causeway/maritime facilities); and (b) accompanying consulting services16 to support detailed design and delivery of this sub-component, as well as additional site investigations and studies | x | x | |||
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Retrofit coastal infrastructure (roads, causeways, jetties) to sustain it against threats of climate change and disaster risks. Plan and implement a maintenance programme for outer island infrastructure ensure existing bridges and causeways remain viable. | x | x | |||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Undertake to complete the implementation of the roads and airfields upgrading in the outer islands. | x | x |
Transport finance - General
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | strengthen MICTTD and MISE's institutional and regulatory functions for transport sector asset management, systematically increasing the sustainability of the climate resilient transport sector investments. | x | x | x |
Transport infrastructure modification to reduce climate risks
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | rehabilitation works for existing causeways, including enabling works and related investments, to ensure accessibility on prioritized outer islands. The rehabilitation works will include climate resilient features such as the provision of durable wearing course (i.e. interlocking block or concrete geocell), proper drainage and erosion control. The maintenance of the causeways will be secured during the project period, by providing technical assistance and training for developing causeways maintenance programs, and promoting the participation of women on the maintenance teams(by piloting an all-female routine maintenance team for causeway/maritime facilities); and (b) accompanying consulting services to support detailed design and delivery of this sub-component, as well as additional site investigations and studies | x | x | x | ||
| Kiribati Climate Change Policy | 2018 | Develop planning processes and programs for climate proofing infrastructure throughout Kiribati | x | x | x |
Transport institutional reform
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | strengthen MICTTD and MISE's institutional and regulatory functions for transport sector asset management, systematically increasing the sustainability of the climate resilient transport sector investments. | x | x | x | ||
| KV20 Vision | 2017 | institutional strengthening of AKL to improve its domestic and international air service capability. review and establishment of Air Service Agreements with target countries and others | x | ||||
| Development of national road safety strategy - Driver training and licensing | 2013 | 2013 MoU This new MoU is intended to strengthen the Taskforce to enable it to prepare and implement a National Road Safety Strategy and Action Plan for Kiribati. It includes proposals to update legislation related to Highway & Traffic Acts and to establish a formal constitution of the KRSTF | x |
Transport international conventions - General
| Amendment to Maritime Act | 2019 | Vessels to comply with convention obligation and requirements | x |
Transport resilience - general
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | c. Enhance resilience of small-scale wharf, jetty, channel and embarkation infrastructure to enable efficient infrastructure delivery, tourism and provide food security. | x | ||||
| National Adaptation Programmes of Action | 2007 | The design and construction of the seawalls and causeways is improved. Specific arrangement for the upgrading of causeways and seawalls is initiated. Causeways are upgraded where there is need, and seawalls protecting infrastructure are upgraded. Local government councils and communities are involved. | x |
Vehicle efficiency standards
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Introduce regulations on minimum standards for energy efficiency | x |
Vehicle import inspections
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Develop a policy to minimise the importation of second-hand vehicles that are not environmentally friendly and fuel efficient. | x |
Vehicle restrictions (import, age, access, sale, taxation)
| Kiribati Joint Implementation Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management | 2019 | Develop a policy to minimise the importation of second-hand vehicles that are not environmentally friendly and fuel efficient. | x |
Vehicle scrappage scheme
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan 2021 | 2022 | Whole-of-Lifecycle Vehicle Programme | x | ||||
| Kiribati NDC Investment Plan | 2021 | Whole-of-Lifecycle Vehicle Programme: The opportunity for government intervention, as well as potential private sector operators, in the collection and export of scrap materials from recovered vehicles can be addressed through technical assistance and investment to develop and establish publicprivate partnerships or service contract/licensing arrangements. | x | ||||
| Kiribati Development Plan 2016-19 | 2016 | Hazardous e-waste and bulky waste (of old vehicles) both need managed collection and shipment out of Kiribati. | x |
Vessel scrappage and retrofit
| Transport Investment PID | 2020 | provide assistance to design , to replace existing defective AtoNs, to fabricate and install new AtoNs, as well as technical assistance to establish a system of maintaining these assets. | x |
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